Objective:
The aim of
this experiment is to look for 18 characteristics of 3 different elements or
compounds per pair and create a table which includes this information.
How to
obtain this 18 characteristics:
Materials:
- 6 test tubes
- Spatula
- Litmus paper
- Water
- Organic solution(ethanol)
- Magnet
- Bunsen burner
- Lighter
- Stirring rod
- Electrical circuit
- Acid(pure HCl)
- Microtitration plate
- Test tube rack
Procedure:
First select the materials that would be needed in order to fulfil the experiment.
Follow the following instructions in order to create your own tables:
- Name:
we look the name in the label of the bottle.
- Element/Compound:
we must know from previous concepts.
- Chemical
representation: for a compound we must look it in the bottle and for an element
we look it in the periodic table.
- Smell;
strong/mild: we smell it, but we need to ask firstly to our teacher and we must
be careful with the acids.
- Colour:
we can see it.
- Shine:
we also can see it.
- Aggregation
state: we also see it.
- Melting
point: we look it on the internet.
- Boiling
point: we look it on the internet or we can obtain it by heating it with the
use of a bunser burner and a thermometer.
- Magnetism:
we can test it with a magnet.
- Combustibility:
we can know it by burning a small amount of the substance.
- Solution
in water: we can get it by pouring in a test tube water and some substance and
see if it has dissolve.
- Solution
in organic solvent: we can get it by pouring in a test tube any type of organic
substance and some of our substance, and see if it has dissolve.
- Reacting
in water: we can know it by pouring in a test tube water and a bit of our substance
and see if its reacts.
- Reaction
in organic substance: we can know it by pouring in a test tube any type of
organic substance and a bit of our substance and see if its reacts.
- Reaction
in acid: we can know it by pouring in a test tube any type of acid and a bit of
our substance and see if its reacts.
- PH
of organic solution: we get it by wetting a little piece of PH paper with our
substance, and see the reaction.
- Conductivity:
we can test it with a small circuit which contains a bulb in it. We use our
substance as a bridge. If the substance conducts electricity the bulb will give
light, if not it will stay the same.
Practical procedure: Testing for the characteristics:
Aluminium
Conductivity
Magnetism
Introduce into an organic solvent
Pour into an acid
Adding pure HCL into the aluminum.
Aluminum in water.
Aluminium in a 2 M concentrated acid.
General Evaluation by Marina Bayón Rueda:
Melting and boiling point by Elisa Millán Chica:
In order to fulfil this part of the experiment you should take a series of precautions. First you should tilt the test tube a little bit. Then you should make sure it is not pointing t any of the person who are in the lab and are near you. And finally you should shake the test tube in and out the flame frequently.
Boiling point by Carmen Lérida Borrero:
Results obtained:
In the fourth row you can observe the element which we have been working with in this experiment (Aluminium) and the result obtained after testing for all the characteristics. Also you can observe another two substances and their characteristics (Ethanol and Sodium Chloride). In order to see it clearer click once in the image.
Conclusion by Claudia Falcón Morales:
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